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domain name system - Is it possible to change MX records without downtime/returning/dropping messages?

We're migrating e-mail hosting from
SERVER-A (on HOSTING_CO-A) to
SERVER-B (on
HOSTING_CO-B).



SERVER-A
will continue to be functional until the transition is complete and
HOSTING_CO-A has their own DNS server since our records
currently show something that looks
like:






mx1.hosting_co-a.example




ns1.hosting_co-a.example




and
HOSTING-CO-B presumably has their own DNS servers as well
(it is Google/GSuite).



I've read [1] that DNS
changes may take up to 72 hours.




What
would be the worst case scenario for what happens to an e-mail sent during this
period?




  1. Would
    they either go to SERVER-A or
    SERVER-B (that is, would e-mail providers using non-updated
    DNS records be able to get through to SERVER-A or would
    SERVER-A reject or forward it based on its updated
    MX-record)?


  2. Would they be 'dropped'
    (that is neither the sender nor recipient will be aware that the message didn't go
    through)?


  3. Would the sender be notified
    that the message was not
    delivered?




We
are switching over various domains/accounts, for some domains we'd rather messages be
dropped than returned, and for others, we'd rather returned than dropped - if this is
even something that can be
controlled.




[1] href="https://support.google.com/a/answer/45679?hl=en" rel="nofollow
noreferrer">https://support.google.com/a/answer/45679?hl=en Also points out
reducing TTL for records in advance (would this mean a maximum downtime of your
TTL?)

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